Pneumonia / Asthma

INTRODUCTION

Pneumonia is a type of acute respiratory infection that affects the lungs and can be caused by bacteria, fungus, or viruses. On the other hand, asthma is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the lungs' airways due to inflammation and mucus build-up.

Figure 1 The structure of the lungs

PNEUMONIA/ASTHMA DISEASE

Asthma is an on-going respiratory condition characterized by bronchospasm and inflammation. The lining of the airways swells and becomes obstructed with fluid and mucus, resulting in inflamed airways. When the muscles around the airways tighten and constrict, it causes bronchospasm, which narrows the airways.

Pneumonia, on the other hand, is a short-term respiratory illness brought on by an infection. The lung air sacs become inflamed as a result of this infection and patients may experience a cough, fever, and breathing problems.

Asthma sufferers may find pneumonia to be a serious problem.

SYMPTOMS

Asthma and pneumonia can have identical symptoms, making it challenging for medical professionals to diagnose pneumonia.

Both pneumonia and asthma can result in:

chest pain
shortness of breath
an increased respiratory rate
an increased pulse
coughing
wheezing

Figure 2 The structure of the pneumonia's effected lungs

WHAT CAUSES THE DISEASE?

Pneumonia is caused by a number of infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria and fungi. The most common are:

TYPES OF INFECTION AGENTS	EXPLAINATION
Bacteria	Streptococcus pneumonia This kind of pneumonia can develop independently or following a cold or the flu. The illness, known as lobar pneumonia, may only affect one lobe of the lung.
Bacteria-like organism	Mycoplasma pneumonia This type of pneumonia, which often doesn't require bed rest, is known colloquially as "walking pneumonia."
Fungi	People with weak immune systems, chronic health conditions, and those who have breathed high concentrations of the organisms are more likely to get this type of pneumonia. Depending on where you live, different fungus may be present in the soil or in bird droppings.
Viruses	In children under the age of five, viruses are the most frequent cause of pneumonia. Typically, viral pneumonia is not serious. However, it can occasionally get really bad.

Key causes of asthma :

Infections of the respiratory system (e.g., the common cold)
Pollution of air (e.g., smoke)
Airborne allergens (e.g., pollen)
Certain drugs (e.g., aspirin)
Stress
Sulfites and other preservatives in beverages and food

CURRENT TREATMENT

For asthma, inhaling beta-2 agonists like albuterol helps to expand the airways. Additionally, for severe asthma, long-term beta-2 agonists may be taken as a treatment.

However, the treatment of pneumonia depends on the type and severity of the disease, age, and overall health, which may require a variety of therapies.

TYPES OF TREATMENT	DESCRIPTION
Antibiotics	These drugs are used to treat pneumonia caused by bacteria.
Cough medicine	This medication can help to stop coughing. A good idea to keep the coughing reflex because it aids in emptying and moving fluid from the lungs.
Fever reducers/ pain relievers	Take these as needed for pain and fever. These include acetaminophen, aspirin, and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, and other brands) (Tylenol, others).

WHAT WE OFFER?

EXOSOME THERAPY - CELLTIX

CelltiX is an extracted communicating vesicle derived from Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). CelltiX is prepared in our state-of-the-art cGMP facility. Celltix is a new type of major paracrine factor released by MSCs into a culture medium playing an important function in a multitude of biological processes.

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STEM CELL THERAPY - CELLTIMAX

CelltiMax is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) derived from human umbilical cords. Upon treatment, the cultured cells are injected intramuscularly / intravenously into the patient. The cells are characterized by low immunogenicity. Hence, it is very safe, tolerable and free of side effects. It has the capability to differentiate into specialized cells with specific functions for many parts of the body. They can reduce inflammation, repair, renew, regenerate, and replace damaged cells.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN STEM CELLS AND EXOSOMES

CRITERIAS	STEM CELLS	EXOSOMES
Definition	Stem cells are unspecialized cells of the human body	Extracellular vesicles, which is the medical term for tiny bubbles that are released from stem cells
Function	Unique, can become any type of cell, and they act as both building blocks and repair mechanisms in your body	Carry genetic information and proteins to cells throughout your body, and they create paths for communication between cells
Origins	Donor stem cells are placed in your body and are guided into becoming specific cells in the body to replace and repair diseased cells	Exosomes are extracted from donated human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and sterilized
Growth Factors	Less amount of growth factors compared to exosomes	Exosomes contain nearly three times the amount of growth factors. More growth factors mean a better ability to restore and revitalize target cells
Administration	IV Stem Cell Therapy (Intravenous administration) Intrathecal (directly into the spinal canal) Site injections into problem areas (Knee, hips, hands, etc)	Intravenous (IV) therapy Direct injection in the treatment area

BENEFITS OF OUR TREATMENTS

STEM CELL THERAPY	EXOSOME THERAPY
Improve bodies' natural healing abilities	High stabililty
Modulate the immune system	Low toxicity and immunogenicity
Locate and reduce areas of inflammation	High penetration
Replace damaged and diseased cells	Enhanced delivery efficiency

HOW IT WORKS?

Inhibit inflammation
Prevent alveolar/pulmonary fibrosis
Enhancing antibacterial/antiviral immunity
Alveolar protection and fluid clearance
Promote organ regeneration

TALK TO US

If you feel we might be able to offer meaningful improvement to both your condition and your quality of life, then please reach out to schedule a free consultation with one of our in-house clinical experts. We offer consultations in both Malay and English.