Avascular Necrosis

INTRODUCTION

Avascular necrosis : Avascular necrosis is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply

AVASCULAR NECROSIS

Avascular necrosis, also known as osteonecrosis, occurs when bone tissue dies due to a lack of blood supply. It can cause tiny breaks in the bone, leading to bone collapse. The process typically takes months to years.

Blood flow to a section of bone can be cut off by a broken bone or a dislocated joint. Additionally, the condition is linked to long-term use of high-dose steroid medications and excessive alcohol consumption.

While anyone is vulnerable to avascular necrosis, it is most common in people aged 30 to 50.

SYMPTOMS

In the early stages of avascular necrosis, some people have no symptoms. However, as the condition worsens, the affected joints may only hurt when you put weight on them, and the pain may eventually be felt even when lying down.

The pain can range from mild to severe and usually takes time to develop. Avascular necrosis of the hip can cause pain in the groin, thigh, or buttock. In addition to the hip, the shoulder, knee, hand, and foot may also be affected.

Avascular necrosis can occur on both sides, such as in both hips or both knees.

The following are the most common symptoms of avascular necrosis. However, each person may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:

Minimal early joint pain
Increased joint pain as bone and joint begin to collapse
Limited range of motion due to pain

The symptoms of avascular necrosis may look like other medical conditions or bone problems. Always talk with your healthcare provider for a diagnosis. See your health care provider for ongoing pain in any joint. Seek immediate medical attention for a possible broken bone or dislocated joint.

WHAT CAUSES THE DISEASE?

Avascular necrosis occurs when blood flow to a bone is interrupted or reduced.

Causes	Explanation
Joint or bone trauma	An injury, such as a dislocated joint, might damage nearby blood vessels. Cancer treatments involving radiation also can weaken bone and harm blood vessels.
Fatty deposits in blood vessels	The fat (lipids) can block small blood vessels. This can reduce blood flow to bones.
Certain diseases	Medical conditions, such as sickle cell anemia and Gaucher's disease, also can lessen blood flow to bone.

CURRENT TREATMENTS

The main goal of treatment is to improve functionality and stop further damage to the bone or joint. The Current Treatment that will do are:

Medications

In the early stages of avascular necrosis, certain medications may help ease symptoms. The type of Medication may help Ease Symptoms:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Osteoporosis drugs
Cholesterol-lowering drugs
Medications that open blood vessels
Blood thinners

Therapy

Your health care provider might recommend you to do :

Rest
Exercises
Electrical stimulation

Surgical and Other
Procedures Web

Because most people don't develop symptoms until avascular necrosis is advanced, your healthcare provider might recommend surgery. For example:

Core decompression

Bone transplant (graft)

Bone reshaping (osteotomy)

Joint replacement

Regenerative medicine treatment

WHAT WE OFFER?

STEM CELL THERAPY - CELLTIMAX

CelltiMax is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) derived from human umbilical cords. Upon treatment, the cultured cells are injected intramuscularly / intravenously into the patient.

The cells are characterized by low immunogenicity. Hence, it is very safe, tolerable, and free of side effects. It has the capability to differentiate into specialized cells with specific functions for many parts of the body. They can reduce inflammation, repair, renew, regenerate, and replace damaged cells.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN STEM CELLS AND EXOSOMES

CRITERIAS	STEM CELLS	EXOSOMES
Definition	Stem cells are unspecialized cells of the human body	Extracellular vesicles, which is the medical term for tiny bubbles that are released from stem cells
Function	Unique, can become any type of cell, and they act as both building blocks and repair mechanisms in your body	Carry genetic information and proteins to cells throughout your body, and they create paths for communication between cells
Origins	Donor stem cells are placed in your body and are guided into becoming specific cells in the body to replace and repair diseased cells	Exosomes are extracted from donated human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and sterilized
Growth Factors	Less amount of growth factors compared to exosomes	Exosomes contain nearly three times the amount of growth factors. More growth factors mean a better ability to restore and revitalize target cells
Administration	IV Stem Cell Therapy (Intravenous administration) Intrathecal (directly into the spinal canal) Site injections into problem areas (Knee, hips, hands, etc)	Intravenous (IV) therapy Direct injection in the treatment area

BENEFITS OF OUR TREATMENTS

Value

High stabililty

Low toxicity and immunogenicity

High penetration

Enhanced delivery efficiency

HOW IT WORKS?

MSC clinical applications Avascular necrosis

MSCs have clinical applications for treating avascular necrosis of the hip. Avascular necrosis of the hip is a pathological condition caused by a disruption in blood supply to the femoral head. MSCs can be used to supplement the core decompression procedure, which is designed to relieve intraosseous pressure while also promoting new bone formation and angiogenesis. Some early studies using whole bone marrow transplantation have found a link between the number of osteoprogenitor cells and the outcome.

TALK TO US

If you feel we might be able to offer meaningful improvement to both your condition and your quality of life, then please reach out to schedule a free consultation with one of our in-house clinical experts. We offer consultations in both Malay and English.