Comparison of spiral drawing between individual with essential tremor and healthy control
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Essential tremor is a neurological disorder that causes involuntary shaking or trembling in different parts and sides of the body.
A theory suggests that the cerebellum, controlling muscle coordination, is not communicating correctly with other parts of the brain. The cause of this illness remains unknown however, genetics are strongly suspected as one of the main causes. |
Summary of the four proposed pathophysiology of essential tremor
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Four main pathophysiologies of essential tremor have been proposed:
According to diagram 2, A is the climbing fiber overgrowth and hyperinnervation.
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Medication |
Function |
Limitation |
Beta Blockers |
Beta blockers such as propranolol help relieve tremors |
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Anti-Seizures |
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Side effects include drowsiness and nausea, which usually disappear within a short time |
Tranquilizers |
Benzodiazepine drugs such as clonazepam may be used to treat individuals whose tension or anxiety worsens tremors |
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Botox Injections |
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Nerve stimulation devices:
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Surgery:
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Therapy is also one of the treatment options to treat essential tremor:
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EXOSOME THERAPY - CELLTIXCelltiX is an extracted communicating vesicle derived from Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). CelltiX is prepared in our state-of-the-art cGMP facility.
CelltiX is a new type of major paracrine factor released by MSCs into a culture medium playing an important function in a multitude of biological processes. |
STEM CELL THERAPY - CELLTIMAXCelltiMax is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) derived from human umbilical cords. Upon treatment, the cultured cells are injected intramuscularly / intravenously into the patient.
The cells are characterized by low immunogenicity. Hence, it is very safe, tolerable, and free of side effects. It has the capability to differentiate into specialized cells with specific functions for many parts of the body. They can reduce inflammation, repair, renew, regenerate, and replace damaged cells. |
Criterias |
Stem Cells |
Exosomes |
Definitions |
Stem cells are unspecialized cells of the human body |
Extracellular vesicles, which is the medical term for tiny bubbles that are released from stem cells |
Function |
Unique, can become any type of cell, and they act as both building blocks and repair mechanisms in your body |
Carry genetic information and proteins to cells throughout your body, and they create paths for communication between cells |
Origins |
Donor stem cells are placed in your body and are guided into becoming specific cells in the body to replace and repair diseased cells |
Exosomes are extracted from donated human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and sterilized |
Growth Factors |
Less amount of growth factors compared to exosomes |
Exosomes contain nearly three times the amount of growth factors. More growth factors mean a better ability to restore and revitalize target cells |
Administration |
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Stem Cell Therapy |
Exosome Therapy |
Improve bodies' natural healing abilities |
High stabililty |
Modulate the immune system |
Low toxicity and immunogenicity |
Locate and reduce areas of inflammation |
High penetration |
Replace damaged and diseased cells |
Enhanced delivery efficiency |
STEM CELL THERAPY (CELLTIMAX)How stem cells can help decrease and repair damages caused by neurodegenerative diseases
Previous studies on stem cells have shown that the effects of stem cells on endogenous cells include:
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EXOSOME THERAPY (CELLTIX)Illustration of an exosome as well as its characteristic that aid in essential tremor treatment
Exosomes function as tiny messengers that provide vital genetic data, proteins, and messenger RNA to cells throughout our body. They aid in information transmission between cells and improve cell communication. It has been demonstrated that exosomes from youthful stem cells can rejuvenate older stem cells in our bodies, help control a hyperactive immune system, and modify the immune system so that it works more efficiently and cogently. Because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties, exosome treatment has been proven to be helpful for treating essential tremors. |
CELL TISSUE TECHNOLOGY SDN BHD
Malaysia's FIRST Tissue Engineering Firm |
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