The joint may feel stiff, achy, or sore at times. Some patients report sensations of burning, throbbing, or "grating." Furthermore, the joint may be stiff in the morning but will relax and feel better with movement and activity. However, excessive activity may aggravate the pain.
Joint pain can impair joint function and limit a person's ability to perform basic tasks. Severe joint pain can have a negative impact on one's quality of life. Treatment should not only address pain, but also the affected activities and function |
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CRITERIAS |
STEM CELLS |
EXOSOMES |
Definition |
Stem cells are unspecialized cells of the human body |
Extracellular vesicles, which is the medical term for tiny bubbles that are released from stem cells |
Function |
Unique, can become any type of cell, and they act as both building blocks and repair mechanisms in your body |
Carry genetic information and proteins to cells throughout your body, and they create paths for communication between cells |
Origins |
Donor stem cells are placed in your body and are guided into becoming specific cells in the body to replace and repair diseased cells |
Exosomes are extracted from donated human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and sterilized |
Growth Factors |
Less amount of growth factors compared to exosomes |
Exosomes contain nearly three times the amount of growth factors. More growth factors mean a better ability to restore and revitalize target cells |
Administration |
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EXOSOME THERAPY |
High stabililty |
Low toxicity and immunogenicity |
High penetration |
Enhanced delivery efficiency |
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory condition for which there are currently no effective treatments. MSCs (mesenchymal stem/stromal cells) have been used successfully in pre-clinical models to resurface degenerated cartilage. Intra-articular (IA) administration of MSCs reduces pain and protects or heals cartilage in early-stage clinical trials. However, the consistent lack of engraftment suggests that the observed effect is delivered via a "hit-and-run" mechanism, involving the temporal release of paracrine molecules.
MSCs produce a number of chemokines and cytokines that aid in the repair of damaged tissue, restoration of normal tissue metabolism, and most importantly, suppression of inflammation. Therapeutic factor secretion is increased in response to inflammatory signals or apoptosis induced by the host immune system. Trophic effectors are soluble molecules that are released or carried by extracellular vesicles. This review provides an overview of the functions and mechanisms of MSC-secreted molecules that have been found to be upregulated in OA models, whether in vitro or in vivo. |
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Joint Pain
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CELL TISSUE TECHNOLOGY SDN BHD
Malaysia's FIRST Tissue Engineering Firm |
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