A stroke, also known as a brain attack, happens when the blood supply to a portion of the brain is cut off or when a blood artery in the brain bursts. Parts of the brain are injured or die in either circumstance. A stroke can result in long-term brain damage, disability, or even death.
An ischemic stroke happens when the blood supply to a portion of the brain is cut off or decreased, preventing brain tissue from receiving oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells start to die within minutes. A stroke is a medical emergency that must be treated as soon as possible. Early intervention can help to prevent brain damage and other consequences. |
I) Treating Ischemic strokes
If you have had an ischemic stroke, it is normally suggested that you take a combination of medications to treat the problem and prevent it from happening again. Some of these medications must be taken immediately and only for a short period, while others must be begun after the stroke has been treated and must be used long-term.
Illustration of Ischemic Stroke
|
II) Treating Hemorrhagic strokes
Some patients who have had a hemorrhagic stroke, like those who have had ischemic strokes, will be given medication to decrease their blood pressure and avoid further strokes. If you were taking anticoagulants before your stroke, you may also require treatment to reverse the effects of the medication and lower your risk of additional bleeding.
Illustration of Ischemic Stroke
|
EXOSOME THERAPY - CELLTIX |
STEM CELL THERAPY - CELLTIMAX |
CelltiX is a type of extracellular vesicle from Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) manufactured in a cGMP-compliant facility. It is a novel form of a major paracrine factor released by MSCs into a culture medium, which plays an important role in a wide range of biological processes.
|
CelltiMax is a product derived from human umbilical cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). The cells are cultured, then administered to the patient via intramuscular or intravenous injection.
The cells have low immunogenicity making them safe, well-tolerated and free of side effects. They have the ability to differentiate into specialized cells with specific functions for various parts of the body, and can reduce inflammation, repair, renew, regenerate, and replace damaged cells. |
CRITERIAS |
STEM CELLS |
EXOSOME |
Definition |
Stem cells are unspecialized cells of the human body |
Extracellular vesicles, which is the medical term for tiny bubbles that are released from stem cells |
Function |
Unique, can become any type of cell, and they act as both building blocks and repair mechanisms in your body |
Carry genetic information and proteins to cells throughout your body, and they create paths for communication between cells |
Origins |
Donor stem cells are placed in your body and are guided into becoming specific cells in the body to replace and repair diseased cells |
Exosomes are extracted from donated human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and sterilized |
Growth Factors |
Less amount of growth factors compared to exosomes |
Exosomes contain nearly three times the amount of growth factors. More growth factors mean a better ability to restore and revitalize target cells |
Administration |
|
|
STEM CELL THERAPY |
EXOSOME THERAPY |
Improve bodies' natural healing abilities |
High stabililty |
Modulate the immune system |
Low toxicity and immunogenicity |
Locate and reduce areas of inflammation |
High penetration |
Replace damaged and diseased cells |
Enhanced delivery efficiency |
Mechanisms of action of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in treating stroke
|
Stem cells have the ability to develop into any type of cell. Exogenous cells appear to stimulate endogenous reparative processes rather than replacing injured cerebral tissue. It was once thought that intravenously administered cells would home in on the injured site and replace the dead neurons, but current thinking holds that these cells release numerous trophic factors such as VEGF, IGF, BDNF, and tissue growth factors that stimulate brain plasticity and recovery mechanisms.
Some of the common pathways by which intravenous stem cells act as "chaperones" are upregulation of growth factors, prevention of ongoing cell death, and enhancement of synaptic connectivity between the host and graft. In terms of timing, preclinical studies have shown that cell therapy improves functional recovery after acute, subacute, and chronic stroke. |
CELL TISSUE TECHNOLOGY SDN BHD
Malaysia's FIRST Tissue Engineering Firm |
|